WHAT HAPPENS WHEN A BIG COMET HITS A THICK ICE SHEET? Yes, a major Younger Dryas impact at Saginaw Bay in Michigan on the North American ice sheet only about 4,600 years ago ejected a thick curtain of sand and ice which sprayed out in 2 directions, that to the east forming the Carolina Bays and that to the west forming the Nebraska rainwater basins, pulverizing or barbecuing (via wildfires) nearly all life on the continent in the process. This info comes mainly from Michael Davias at https://cintos.org/SaginawManifold/index.html.
Image #1.
PRIMARY & SECONDARY IMPACT SITES. The following image shows the primary impact site at Saginaw Bay, Michigan, part of Lake Huron. The impactor hit the ice sheet moving in a southwesterly direction at a low angle. The curtains of sand and ice impacted along the east coast and part of the Gulf coast as well as in Nebraska. Part of the western curtain apparently landed on the ice sheet just north of the Nebraska rainwater basins, so that material did not make secondary impacts on the ground under the ice sheet. The curtains of material were lofted a distance of about 800 to 1400 kilometers, or about 500 to 870 miles.
Image #2.
HOW THE IMPACT SITE WAS LOCATED. Since the secondary impact sites are elongated craters, the long axis of each crater points in the direction of the primary impact (See e.g. http://www.impact-structures.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/10/Bildschirmfoto-2020-10-16-um-12.31.07-768x387.png or http://cbaysurvey.cintos.org/). The yellow lines in the following image converge on Saginaw Bay in Michigan, indicating that that’s where the ejecta originated.
Image #3.
ACCOUNTING FOR EARTH’S ROTATION. Image 4 shows that the rotation of the Earth while the ejecta were in the air caused the point of origin to appear to be a few hundred kilometers west of the actual primary impact site.
Image #4.
SAGINAW BAY AREA GEOLOGY. Next is seen some of the geology of the Great Lakes area with Saginaw Bay near the center. There is preFlood bedrock to the north (green and purple) and Flood-deposited sedimentary strata to the south. Sedimentary strata to the north was likely sheet eroded away during the regressive stage of the Flood.
Image #5. https://museum.mtu.edu/sites/default/files/2019-11/AESMM_Web_Pub_1_Great_Lakes_Geology_0.pdf
SAGINAW BAY IN MICHIGAN BASIN. Next is Michigan basin, with Saginaw Bay on the right to the east. In the previous image is an outline of the Great Lakes basin and the Michigan basin is within it. Michael Oard has suggested that most basins likely formed from meteor impacts, mostly during the Great Flood.
Image #6. https://project.geo.msu.edu/geogmich/mibasin.html
OBLIQUE IMPACT EVIDENCE. In this last image is shown a Martian crater and ejecta blanket resembling a butterfly, due to a low angle impact. Below the Martian impact image is a contour view of Saginaw Bay and to the right is the outline of the Martian impact superimposed on Saginaw Bay to show that the Bay is likely an impact structure.
Image #7.
QUOTING CINTOS RE IMPACT.
_Our conjecture holds that the impacting object was a hydrated silicate object, likely a cometary body, which impacted the earth on a shallow angle, nearly tangential. We are considering an object striking the earth out of solar orbit, or one that was traveling in a terrestrial earth orbit for a time prior to the impact. Given the relatively … shallow angle of incidence and the hydrated nature of a cometary impactor, the geological signature of the proposed impact structures is unconventional: both shallow and oval.
_Imaging of the surface areas of our solar system's terrestrial planets and moons has show[n] that approximately 5% of all craters are created during low angle of incidence (oblique) impacts. These events create a set of recognizable characteristics: oval shape, butterfly ejecta pattern, "no-fly" ejecta area up-field, and "blow-out" rim down field. These are sometime seen in a "train" of craters, where the impactor had been fragmented into a stream of individual components due to atmospheric disruption or Roche tidal disruption prior to impact.
_Our current proposal holds that the impact carved out much of the current bedrock topography of the Michigan basin surrounding and west of the Saginaw Bay. Local ejecta, distributed in a butterfly pattern, was heaped on top of the then-present Wisconsin ice sheet. As the sheet melted beneath the ejecta blanket, many of the enigmatic "moraines", hummocks and tunnel landforms were created. Eventually, the large lake created within the ice sheet crater catastrophically drained southward, creating the Central Kalamazoo River Valley (CKRV).
COMPARING WITH ZAMORA’S IDEAS. In my recent forum post at https://www.thunderbolts.info/forum3/phpBB3/viewtopic.php?f=11&t=13&sid=f9757cd091877cb3f98565e8d41f6eb5&start=750#p8641 I discussed one of Antonio Zamora’s videos. He thinks the Saginaw Bay impact ejected curtains of ice boulders which formed craters (called bays) in sandy ground along the coast. Michael Davias, author of Cintos, however, thinks the impact at Saginaw Bay, penetrated the kilometer or more thick ice sheet and excavated some quantity of sandy material under the ice sheet, so a several meter thick layer of sand fell on the coast too, along with the ice boulders. Here’s Antonio’s video.
HIGH EJECTA TRAJECTORY. The ejecta from Saginaw Bay had to go a few hundred kilometers above the Earth’s surface vertically in order to travel over 800 kilometers distant horizontally. The impact on the ice sheet would have melted the ice that was ejected, but as it rose to great heights it would have quickly frozen very solid. The leading edge of the curtain would have started to melt again during the descent through the atmosphere, but would likely have shielded the frozen ice trailing behind from melting so much.
BAD DAY. For most of life in North America, including humans, the day of the impact would have been a very bad one. Not only was there a thick fall of high velocity ice boulders and sand (faster than speeding bullets), there was also widespread wildfires, possibly from flammable cometary gases, and fallout of microspherules etc. No wonder there was so much extinction.
FOSSIL TEST. If the idea is correct that animals and people in eastern North America were killed by high-speed impact ejecta, many of the fossils there should show evidence of the ballistic impacts on the bones. If they don’t, then this theory probably needs to be modified or revised.
Speaking of the devil, I just found this article from Cosmic Tusk, called Key paper reveals the astonishing cosmic secret of "Boneyard Alaska" at https://cosmictusk.com/comet-research-group-cosmic-bonebed-paper-rogan-reeves/
the mucks [of Alaska] and their well-preserved but highly disrupted and damaged vertebrate and botanical remains are reinterpreted in part as blast deposits that resulted from several episodes of airbursts and ground/ice impacts within the northern hemisphere during Late Pleistocene time (~46–11 ka B.P. [make that 4,600 BC]). Such a scenario might be explained by encounters with cometary debris in Earth-crossing orbits (Taurid Complex) that was generated by fragmentation of a large short-period comet within the inner Solar System.
Now, if many similarly smashed fossils exist in the area that was pelted by the Saginaw Bay impact ejecta in the eastern U.S., we could more easily conclude that the Saginaw Bay impact theory is correct. As it is, similar impact ejecta apparently did pelt Alaska (which is I think out of range of the Saginaw Bay impact).
EARLIER MASSACRE FOSSIL. The dinosaurs are said to have been wiped out due to the Chicxulub impact in Mexico. The following article excerpt explains how impact ejecta could have injured and killed dinosaurs.
Fossilized Leg of Dinosaur Ripped Off by Catastrophic Asteroid Impact Found
https://www.ancient-origins.net/news-history-archaeology/yucatan-asteroid-0016629
_Now, for the first time, paleontologists have uncovered fossilized remains from one of these dinosaurs, an animal killed by the direct physical effects of the Yucatan asteroid, the single most destructive event in the earth’s history.
_Skin-covered Dino Leg Severed by Yucatan Asteroid Blast!
While excavating at the Tanis fossil site in the state of North Dakota, in what is known as the Hell Creek Formation, a team of explorers working under the direction of University of Manchester paleontologist Robert DePalma uncovered the fossilized leg of a Thescelosaurus, a small lizard-like herbivore from the late Cretaceous Period. Amazingly, the leg was intact and still covered by fossilized skin, suggesting that whatever force had removed the leg had been incredibly powerful and concentrated.
_“This looks like an animal whose leg has simply been ripped off really quickly,” Professor Paul Barrett of the Natural History Museum in London, told the Daily Mail . “There's no evidence on the leg of disease, there are no obvious pathologies, there's no trace of the leg being scavenged, such as bite marks or bits of it that are missing.”
_The Thescelosaurus was apparently killed in a sudden and exceedingly violent fashion, even though the asteroid’s point of impact was approximately 1,900 miles (3,000 kilometers) away.
_The discovery of the severed dinosaur leg is groundbreaking, paleontologists say, because no other dinosaur fossil has ever been linked directly to the most catastrophic event in earth’s history.
_Following the asteroid strike, rising sea levels and tsunamis would have created an inland sea to the north. The process that created this sea also would have spawned at least two massive, towering waves that moved so far inland that they actually reached what are now the lands of North Dakota. These enormous waves washed over the Tanis site, and eventually covered the animals that died there with up to six feet (1.8 meters) of sediment.
_Between the first and second of these waves, glass beads called tektites would have been raining down from the sky like tiny ballistic missiles, reaching speeds in excess of 200 miles (320 kilometers) per hour. It is possible one of these tiny but deadly glass pieces struck the ill-fated Thescelosaurus with enough force to slice off its leg and kill it, although this is just one possible explanation for the creature’s death.