I transcribed 3 of David Rohl’s videos listed below and I copied images from them and from this 4th recent video, Delve into the genesis of the Egyptian civilization, which I haven’t transcribed. I don’t think his timeline before 3,300 BC is correct, because the Great Flood likely occurred c. 3,300 BC and that’s likely what deposited nearly all sedimentary rock. And since Egyptian structures were built on top of the sedimentary rock, they must have come later.
In my previous post, I showed by Rohl’s findings that Sumer likely preceded Egyptian civilization. He says Nimrod lived a few generations after the Great Flood and built the city of Babel/Eridu and that he was the grandfather of Gilgamesh, but Gilgamesh was possibly Noah, so that doesn’t make sense so far. Anyway, Rohl shows below that Sumerians came to Egypt after the Tower of Babel catastrophe. He shows abundantly that the early Pharaohs were descended from Sumerians. The excerpts below are from all 3 videos and are mixed together to put them in fairly chronological order.
1. FIREHORSE: The Egyptian Genesis ( Documentary)
2. The Egyptian Genesis: Archaeological Evidence for the Foundation of the Pharaonic State
3. The Sumer Predates Egypt Documentary coming soon
BABEL/ERIDU
Program Two begins with ... the legends of Mesopotamia and the biblical book of Genesis, regarding the foundation of civilization and how it was all destroyed in the great flood. Out of that terrible disaster grew an even more powerful Kingdom under the leadership of Nimrod, the mighty hunter and the first potentate on earth, as the Bible calls him. We'll identify Nimrod with Enmerkar, ruler of Uruk, the greatest of the Sumerian cities. This great king of Sumer was the grandfather of the hero Gilgamesh {from the same Flood?}. Enmerkar built the Tower of Babel which will be reconstructed using CGI from the original excavation data. Archaeology has revealed that during the Uruk period, the time of Enmerkar, Sumerian colonies were being established in the far-flung corners of the world. Not long after, the Heartland of Sumer itself was abandoned and the great building program, including the Tower of Babel, came to a halt. See TOWER OF BABEL.
FIRST CITIES.
One of the great conundrums of the ancient world is how it all began. The first cities on Earth were built in the marshlands of Mesopotamia, southern Iraq, by a mysterious people we call the Sumerians. This was in about 3500 BC. Within a century or so on the banks of the River Nile, an equally mysterious clan, known as the followers of Horus, suddenly appear. Within a relatively short time they had conquered the whole of Egypt and their rulers, the Horus kings, became the first Pharaohs. What was the spark which ignited Egyptian civilization, and who were the followers of Horus? These are just two of the major questions which we'll seek to answer in a major two-part documentary series entitled "The Egyptian Genesis".
PHARAOHS.
The idea that Ancient Egypt was founded by outsiders from Mesopotamia ... sounds outlandish, but Rohl remembers his earlier studies on Egyptology. "One of the big mysteries was that the great Egyptian civilization appeared to grow out of nothing. At this time ... it was really just developing. There was society there, there was order, there was kingship, or chieftainship, but really sophisticated pharaonic civilization didn't exist at this time. Some Egyptologists have suggested that the Pharaohs may have been foreigners. In Egyptology, there is a theory that there was these people from outside Egypt coming and became the Pharaohs."
But if the builders of Babel's Mighty Tower did migrate, why Egypt? Rohl believes the answer lies in the environmental stability of the time. "If you were a trader coming from Mesopotamia, and you came to Egypt, and you saw this river that was so benevolent, that brought down the flood at the right time of year that enabled you to grow crops, you think to yourself, this is the place I want to live. I don't want to live back home with all that mud and all that flood. I want to live here where things work properly. And I'm not just gonna trade with these people. I'm going to migrate. I'm gonna stay here. And if I'm gonna stay here and I've got advanced technologies, I'm gonna rule this place."
HORUS.
This was precisely the time that the followers of Horus appear in the Nile Valley. It looks as if these newcomers to Egypt were refugees from Mesopotamia, the kinfolk of Nimrod, and through him the descendants of the flood hero Noah. The climax of the series will bring all the archaeological detective work together to show that the religion of the Pharaohs was based on a distant memory of a dreamlike past to the dawn of history. This was the era of the Egyptian Genesis, which the Pharaohs called the first time, when gods and heroes walked the earth.
Egypt is a land of wonders, but its origins remain a mystery. "Egyptian Genesis" will uncover extraordinary evidence to show that the followers of Horus were in fact adventurers from ancient Sumer, {who} journeyed by sea to Egypt in search of a new homeland. In an amazing feat of skill and endurance, they dragged their large reed ships from the Red Sea to the Nile through the sandstone canyons of the Eastern Desert {of Egypt}. With these ocean-going battleships launched into the River Nile, they easily conquered the indigenous Egyptians, establishing the Pharaonic state which went on to build the mighty pyramids.
SHEBTIU.
We're going to talk about the origins of Egyptian civilization from the East, which is something that's never really talked about. ... Friday night, {we were} basically looking at the origins of this idea of the bringing of knowledge to Egypt by Thoth and the Seven Sages.
And I introduce you to a little-known inscription from Edfu, dealing with the people called the Shebtiu. And the Shebtiu were original founders of Egyptian civilization, who came from afar. And this is during our 2001 "Egyptian Genesis" program making. We actually got on top of the Temple wall at Edfu in order to photograph for the film this row of gods here, which is very high up on the {temple}.
GODS.
... {T}he three front runners in the eight are ... the most important of the eight gods. The first one is called Wa'a, or Wa, and that translates in Egyptian as "the Distant One". And that also happens to be the epithet for Utnapishtim and Ziusudra and Atrahasis, the three flood heroes {Actually, those seem to be different names for Noah in other languages}. And it is also what the name Horus means. It means "the Far Distant". So there is a connection probably between that and this original very old word "Wa". And then we have the second ... is Aa. And that means "the Great One". And one might imagine ... the Great One ... in this early pantheon of Egyptian gods ... could in fact actually be Thoth himself. That is a possibility. And then the third one, and I think the one we're going to have to concentrate ... our minds on, is this word "Nay", which means sailor or navigator. And so we're dealing with something to do with crossing seas with these gods.
BUILDERS.
... Let's just remind ourselves, the august Shebtiu, Shebtiu means senior ones, the most senior. They're called the children of Tjenen, which is "the risen land", the primeval mound, upon which everything was created in the beginning in "Zep Tepi", and they're called the offspring of Atum, the creator god, the great god of Egypt, the primeval god of Egypt.
And they were called glorious spirits of the early primeval age. So we're going back to Zep Tepi; we're going back to the beginnings of memory, the beginnings of myth and legend. And they're also associated, very pointedly, with building. They are great builders and designers of buildings. They teach building to the Egyptians. They show them the knowledge of building. And importantly, they're the brethren sages and there are 7 in number. And they are led by Thoth. So that's what the Shebtiu are. These are Thoth and the Seven Sages. These are the bringers of knowledge to Egypt.
MIXED CULTURES.
Rohl thinks the uniqueness of ancient Egyptian civilization would only have happened, if there was a meeting of two cultures. And according to Rohl, the dating of Emmerkar's reign and the Eridu ziggurat match perfectly with the rise of the first dynasty of Egypt. "The culture that evolved was African, but it had an element from outside. And it was the mixture of those two things that brought about the unique iconic civilization. I see no problem in having an Egyptian civilization which is created out of the marriage of two groups of people, Africans and people from Mesopotamia. That, to me, is exciting."
WADIS.
So I'm gonna take you eastwards from Egypt to show you what's been found between Egypt and the Red Sea, because it's very important material that's hardly known about in archeological terms.... So we're going into the eastern desert, where you're going to find some very interesting material to look at {to} the eastern desert itself. It stretches all the way up to the wadi Hammamat in the north and down towards Aswan in the south.
But basically the area we're gonna concentrate on is from the {Great} Bend, where Thebes is located, down to here, that's the Aswan High Dam.... And that section going over to the Red Sea is what we're gonna concentrate on. You'll notice ... that we're talking about two locations of a prehistoric Egypt. This is the city of Nubt, or Goldtown, which is where Seth was worshiped, so this is the followers of Seth. And down here at Nekhen near Edfu, which is Horus's temple, is the city of Horus, where the Horus worshipers were located. And that conflict between Horus and Seth is actually an allegory for a battle or conflict between those two groups of people. And what's interesting about those two groups is they're opposite two major transverse wadi routes to the Red Sea, and also to the gold mines, which are located here and here.... And so you have routes going through from Nekhen/Edfu all the way across to the Red Sea; and you have routes going from Nubt and ?Kopt? all the way to Quseer in the north. So why are the two major kingdoms of prehistoric Egypt located opposite those two wadis? Because those two wadis are crucial for connections to somewhere else.
TEMPLE.
... Arthur Weigall, ... an Egyptologist ... in 1907 ... went out to look at a temple, ... the Temple of Kanais.... And it's this area that we began our research, but then we then extended our survey work up into the Wadi Hammamat region to cover the whole area. The Wadi Hammamat area was discovered and explored by Hans Winkler, a German explorer, just before the beginning of the Second World War. So we have these two zones ... to look at. And ... - {in the} late 1990s - we began to do survey work out in the desert.... {W}hat you have here ... is the Nile Valley. This is an angular ... shot and the Red Sea to that distance over there, the Kenna Bend and Luxor are located here, and Edfu down there. ... Arthur Weigall ... followed the wadi route all the way up to this place called Kanais ... and at that location they found a beautiful little ?Speos? temple ... cut into the rock, ... built by Seti the 1st to commemorate the digging of a well for his army to go to the gold mines and to bring gold back to the Nile valley.
ROCK ART.
For the last five years, I've been exploring the vast expanse of Egypt's eastern desert between the Nile and Red Sea in search of prehistoric rock art. Hundreds of sites have been found where ancient artists carved depictions of hunting scenes, men with tall plumes on their heads and, above all, high-prowed ships, thousands of them. What are they doing in the bone-dry desert? That's the question, and one which the central part of this first program will endeavor to explain. It's my view, and there's lots of evidence to back it up, that these are Mesopotamian ships bringing invaders from the east. We'll show that they're intimately linked with the legendary followers of Horus, and that their leader became the ruler of a new Kingdom based in southern Egypt, near the site where the Temple of Edfu now stands, dedicated to the falcon god, Horus.
A CGI sequence will bring to life the amazing accomplishment of the dragging of high-prowed ships through the desert canyons.
If {Rohl is} right and the people of Babel were scattered from Mesopotamia, where exactly did they go? 1000 miles from Mesopotamia lies one of the jewels of Egypt, ... the Eastern desert. For David Rohl, this is one of the great hidden treasures of ancient Egypt, rock art from the time of the first dynasties. "I've been doing a lot of survey work {with a} team of specialists who go out there and we record all the rock art we find between the Nile Valley and the Red Sea."
During one of these expeditions, Rohl makes a fascinating discovery. "Discoveries of thousands and thousands of rock drawings and you see something else that's an amazing element. You see hundreds and hundreds of carvings of high-prowed ships." It's the images of ships that strike Rohl as puzzling. They would normally be found where people congregated near a sea, river, or lake. But here they are, miles from the nearest water source. The boat drawings get Rohl wondering about the peoples scattered from Babel Tower that "triggered something in my head that said, what are these ships doing in the bone-dry desert between the Nile and the Red Sea? Are these foreign ships that have come from somewhere else, of peoples crossing the desert from the Red Sea to the Nile and taking over the place?"
SLED BOATS.
Let's ask another question. Why are the high-prowed reed ships illustrated in the tombs and even represented in the great boat, the Kofu boat, which takes the god, the deceased god now, through the underworld to the eastern horizon to be reborn again. And why do we see these types of reed ships with the high prow and high stern in the tombs, like the one here, Thutmose the Third's tomb? You can just about make out the reed bundle tied together here, and the shape of this boat is very important to remember, with the Pharaoh, the deceased Pharaoh, traveling through the underworld into the rebirth. And you'll notice at the front - it's enlarged here - there are two standards. There's the standard of Horus, the Falcon. This is the standard of the twin plumes, and those come into play when we go back to prehistoric times.
EVIDENCE.
But Rohl knows this is a controversial theory. So to give it the best chance of being accepted, he needs concrete evidence that Mesopotamians actually came to Egypt. "You'll find lots of evidence for Mesopotamians in Egypt. And we see the evidence of these people arriving in Egypt, so they clearly did, but absolutely no evidence of Egyptians in Mesopotamia. They were obviously going in one direction and one direction only. There is a sudden jump in civilization in Egypt at that time. The brick architecture turns up suddenly out of nowhere. It's not there before. Lapis largely comes from Afghanistan. Why would that suddenly turn up in Egypt at this time? Because it's been traded…. Nobody can deny the fact that there was contact between Mesopotamia and Egypt. How far that contact went towards forming the Egyptian state, the pharaonic state, is another question, which is the question we should be asking." Rohl is satisfied the migration into Egypt supports his theory on the Tower of Babel's location.
Ancient artifacts found in pre-dynastic Egypt are shown to have Sumerian origins. It's the same for the monumental architecture of early Egyptian civilization, which has its precursor in the cities of Mesopotamia. We'll transport the viewer to the dusty plains of southern Iraq, the two archaeological sites which have not been filmed since the advent of modern television. Here we'll see the originals from which the Egyptian versions were copied. Finally, at the end of Program One, I'll pose the major questions which have arisen from what we know so far. Why did the Sumerians make the dangerous journey to Egypt, and how did they get there?
FALSE BEARDS.
So let's ask a few questions. ... Can you make out Ahkenaten here and Ramesses the 2nd? What's weird about these guys and all the Pharaohs is they have heavy beards. But they're not real beards. They're attached to their chins. Why do Pharaohs wear beards? Native Egyptians don't grow beards. So why do they attach these to give them something special and different from the ordinary people of Egypt?
TOMBS.
Program one begins in the Valley of the Kings, where Egyptologist David Rohl, that's me, reveals the amazing imagery of the pharaonic underworld. All over the walls of the royal tombs are ships carrying strange symbols. What does all this mean?
By the end of the first program, it will be clear that the mythology of the Egyptian afterlife represents the return journey of Pharaoh's spirit from Egypt back to the homeland of his primeval ancestors, eastwards to the Isle of Flame, where the sun is resurrected every day and where gods were born.
REBIRTH.
And why is it that in the rituals in Egypt the gods are carried about in boats, but never shown depicted on water. They're always shown being carried aloft or dragged along. Why are boats so important, these sacred barques, to Egyptian religion...? And you see in the tombs of the Pharaohs, you see these high-prowed boats with the central cabin, with the god Atum in, the ancient creator god in, and they're not on water, they're on desert land, and they're being dragged along by the crew of the boat. What I said in the previous talk was ... that resurrection and rebirth in terms of the Egyptian theology lie in the East. Death is in the West; that's where the body is left behind. Rebirth and resurrection is in the East with the rising sun.